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Presentation "poisonous plants". Presentation "poisonous plants" Project on the topic of medicinal and poisonous plants

Poisonous plants of the forest

Gil Natalya Nikolaevna,

primary school teacher MG

year 2012

Most forest flowers that bloom in spring are poisonous. Being the first plants to flower, they stand out more clearly from others, so it is believed that their toxicity is a defense against being eaten.

Crow's eye

It has a bluish-black berry that resembles a raven's eye. The entire plant is poisonous, especially the rhizome and berries.

For the plant itself, toxic substances are of great importance. They protect the plant from animals that might eat its stems, leaves, roots or seeds.

The entire wolf's bast plant is poisonous, especially the fruits! When contacting wet bark, blisters and ulcers appear. At the same time, general poisoning of the body occurs. The very strong smell of wolf bark sometimes causes a runny nose, sneezing and coughing.

Lily of the valley

Lily of the valley grows in the forest. The whole plant is poisonous, but especially the fruits - orange or red berries; they should not be touched, much less eaten. They are poisonous! And the entire lily of the valley plant is poisonous, but preparations from its leaves, flowers, and seeds are medicines that improve heart function. But foxes eat berries without harm. For them they are anthelmintic.

Evergreen coniferous tree or shrub. Often used in ornamental gardening, it is characterized by very slow growth and therefore lends itself well to pruning, but behind the external beauty of the yew there is also danger. Both the needles and the seeds of the fruit contain a strong dangerous poison that can quickly lead to cardiac arrest.

Ledum

Evergreen, strong-smelling, low shrub. Its leaves are oblong, leathery with edges turned down. The flowers are white. The aboveground part of the plant is poisonous. In case of wild rosemary poisoning, the following symptoms occur: weakness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, respiratory failure, suffocation. Sometimes poisoning occurs among blueberry pickers growing next to wild rosemary.

In the forest you can find a huge, herbaceous plant with large, white flowers and spreading leaves. This is a poisonous hogweed. When the juice gets on the skin, inflammation occurs, which turns into a severe burn. In addition to burns, the following are observed: chills, dizziness, headache, blisters that appear on the skin during a secondary infection, deep ulcers can develop.

Veh (hemlock)

This herbaceous plant is somewhat reminiscent of parsley. Small white flowers are collected in an umbrella. All parts of the vekha, when rubbed between the fingers, emit a smell reminiscent of celery or parsley. The rhizome is similar to a carrot, but it is this part of the plant that is the most dangerous, since it contains the most poison.

Fern

Fern is a large plant, 40 to 100 cm in height, with feathery leaves and a thick rhizome. The danger comes from the fern rhizome.

Poisonous plants of the forest

What plant is called "bird's eye"?

The name of which poisonous forest plant is related to the name of the beast?

Most often, blueberry pickers get poisoned from this plant.

The smell of forest freshness is brought to us in late spring by a fragrant, delicate flower from a snow-white brush.

This coniferous tree is very popular among landscapers; it grows slowly and is easy to trim.

The juice of this plant leaves a severe burn that does not go away for a long time.
Which plant helps a fox get rid of worms?

First of all, you should be well aware that you can only collect and eat those plants that are well known.

You need to wean yourself from the habit of taking the first berry or blade of grass you come across into your mouth, or tearing off the bark from the twigs.

If trouble happens, you must act quickly and decisively.
Try to induce vomiting and, if conditions permit, rinse the stomach.
To do this, drink several glasses of warm water with 1-2 teaspoons of salt added to each glass.
If there is no vomiting, it should be induced artificially by pressing the handle of a spoon or two fingers on the root of the tongue.
This cleansing must be repeated several times.
And of course, seek help from a medical facility as soon as possible.

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Medicinal plants are a large group of plants, the organs or parts of which are raw materials for obtaining remedies used in folk, medical or veterinary practice for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes. The most widely used medicinal plants are represented in folk medicine. At the beginning of the 21st century, calamus, lingonberry, elecampane, St. John's wort, cranberry, raspberry, coltsfoot, mint, sea buckthorn, plantain, chamomile, yarrow, rose hips and many others are widely used as medicinal plants.

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Flowers, fruits. Juice - for neuroses of the esophagus, diseases of the skin, liver and biliary tract, functional disorders of the heart, angioneurosis, atrial fibrillation, dizziness, shortness of breath, insomnia.

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Dandelion is used to treat hepatitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, jaundice, gastritis, colitis, cystitis, to improve appetite and digestion, for constipation, flatulence, and also as an anthelmintic.

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Coltsfoot is a valuable cough remedy, especially for whooping cough, as well as mucous sputum. Tea made from it can ease coughing, make viscous bronchial mucus more liquid, and therefore bring real relief to patients with chronic bronchitis, pneumoconiosis and emphysema

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Since ancient times, yarrow has been known to people. According to legend, it was with this herb that Achilles, the hero of the Trojan War, treated the wounds of his comrades. In Rus', this herb has been revered since ancient times: peasants used it to stop bleeding when they were cut with a sickle or scythe, warriors moistened the wound with juice from the leaves or sprinkled it with crushed dry leaves.

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In scientific medicine, the leaves are used as a wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, expectorant, hypnotic, analgesic, bactericidal and antiallergic agent. A decoction of the leaves is used for bronchitis, tuberculosis, other diseases of the respiratory organs, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, and inflammation of the kidneys.

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The shoots of wild rosemary are used in the form of an infusion as an expectorant and antitussive for bronchitis and other lung diseases. It is also used as a diuretic, disinfectant and antiseptic. Poisonous.

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Lily of the valley herb is used as a cardiotonic and choleretic agent. The plant is poisonous.

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At the beginning of the 21st century, medicine in many countries uses shepherd's purse grass as a hemostatic agent for internal bleeding. There is experimental data on the diuretic and hypotensive effects of drugs from the shepherd's purse, on its possible use for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

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St. John's wort has been known for a long time as a medicinal plant. It is harvested during flowering, cutting off the stem at a height of 40 cm. The grass is dried in well-ventilated areas, laid out in a thin layer. A decoction of St. John's wort is used as an astringent and antiseptic for intestinal catarrh, for rinsing in inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx, and for lubricating the gums for stomatitis.

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Chamomile in the form of infusions is prescribed for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, stomach cramps, neuroses, and colds. Externally - for poultices, rinses, lotions, washes for inflammation of the gums, bruises, wounds, ulcers, abscesses.

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Collected in a timely manner. The above-ground part is collected in dry weather, before dew appears. Heavily dusty or contaminated plants should not be collected. It is not recommended to collect plants damaged by pests.

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Poisonous plants are plants containing substances that, when entering the human or animal body, cause poisoning. It can lead to severe illness and even death. For the plant itself, these substances have a protective value, saving it from being eaten by animals. About 10 thousand species of poisonous plants are known. About 1 thousand species are found in our country. Poisonous plants are most dangerous in their fresh form, since during processing their toxicity can decrease and even be completely lost.

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Wolf's Bast The entire plant is poisonous, but the bright red berries that ripen in summer are especially dangerous. For a person, eight berries are a lethal dose. The sap of this bush is also poisonous: if you break off a branch, redness and blisters will appear on the skin. The juice contains the poison daphnin, which when ingested causes convulsions and vomiting.

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Crow's eye Herbaceous plant, the fruit is a black berry, reminiscent of a crow's eye (hence the name). The entire plant is poisonous, especially the berries.

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May lily of the valley grows in light forests, on the edges, and in thickets of bushes. The poisonous fruits are red berries.

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Spotted hemlock One of the most poisonous plants in our region. In appearance it resembles dill. The fruits are small, similar to the fruits of caraway seeds and dill. They differ in that they have five very convex wavy light ribs. The stems and petioles are covered with a bluish coating and purple spots, which distinguishes it from other similar plants. The whole plant emits an unpleasant mouse smell. Hemlock grows near ravines, roads, and around drying reservoirs. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but especially the fruits. Within a few minutes after poisoning, stomach pain, severe weakness, and dizziness appear. The gait becomes unsteady, the pupil is dilated, and body temperature drops sharply. The plant is dangerous all summer.

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Greater celandine is a perennial herb with bright orange milky sap. Blooms all summer. Poisonous: contains 20 alkaloids close to opium.

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Bittersweet nightshade The plant is poisonous and contains alkaloids (corned beef, etc.). Signs of poisoning are a state of stunned state, uneven shaky gait, dilated pupils, arrhythmia. Then pain in the stomach and intestines, diarrhea, and vomiting appear.

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Buttercups Most plants of the buttercup family contain poison. There are several types of buttercups in our area and all of them are poisonous. They grow in all regions, in a variety of places. Poisonous species of buttercups contain volatile substances that have a pungent odor and a burning taste. The poison irritates the mucous membrane of the eyes (temporary loss of vision), larynx, nose, which causes coughing. The juice of the plant, if it gets on the skin, causes abscesses. When the plant is consumed internally, the kidneys and stomach are affected.

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Marsh Ledum The entire plant is poisonous. Common names: bagno, fragrant bagun, swamp stupor, bogwort. Grows in peat bogs, wet pine, less often in mixed and dry coniferous forests, on moss cushions.

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Man's acquaintance with poisonous plants began at the dawn of history. This was facilitated by our own, often bitter experience and observations of wild and then domestic animals, which usually avoid such plants. Accumulating information about poisonous plants, people began to use them more and more in their lives. Plants used to treat diseases, prepare bait for animals, and create poisoned weapons acquired particular importance. Many of these plants were considered sacred. In some countries, poisonous plants were used to determine the guilt of crime suspects: they were given a dose of plant poison, the survivor was considered innocent. Poisons were also used to execute those sentenced to death. Poisonous plants make up approximately two percent of the total number of species; there are about 400 species in our country. A little history

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Nightshade is sweet and bitter. Grows in damp forests, water meadows, banks of ponds and rivers. The flowers are purple, similar to potato flowers. The stem is branched, climbing. The fruits are bright red berries. The entire plant is poisonous and is used medicinally.

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European swimsuit. Grows in damp meadows, clearings, and bushes. The petals are small and orange. In bad weather, small insects hide in them. The leaves are palmate-five-parted, with sharp teeth. The stem is erect. The flower colors the threads yellow. The plant is poisonous, especially the rhizome.

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Vekh poisonous (poisonous hemlock) Grows along the banks of standing waters, in damp places, sometimes in the water itself. The flowers are white, small, collected in a complex umbrella. The leaves are pinnate, doubly-triple-dissected, the stems are branched and hollow. The fruits are round, the rhizome is thick, divided by transverse partitions into separate chambers filled with yellow juice. The whole plant, especially the rhizome, is very poisonous. The juice of the rhizome in the smallest doses is lethal.

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Marsh whitewing grows along marshy banks of rivers, lakes, ponds, and swamps. It blooms with small flowers collected in an inflorescence-cob, it is surrounded by a greenish-white leaf - this plant got its name for this. The leaves are large, thick, heart-shaped on long petioles. The plant is poisonous!

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Acrid buttercup grows in damp meadows and clearings. Blooms with yellow shiny flowers. In damp weather and at night, the flowers close and droop. The leaves are cut into small lobes. The stems are branched and erect. The plant is poisonous, especially during the flowering period. In hay, buttercup is harmless, since when it dries, the toxic substances disappear.

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Shepherd's purse grows along roads, in vegetable gardens, in courtyards, in clearings. The flowers are small, white, collected in a raceme. Pinnately dissected leaves, triangular fruit pods, notched in shape, similar to a shoulder bag, which is why the plant is called a shepherd's purse. Young small leaves are used to make soups, spring salads, and a delicious filling for pies. Shepherd's purse is a good food for rabbits. Medicinal plant.

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Common tansy grows near roads, on borders, near dwellings, in gardens, in sparse forests. The flowers are yellow, collected in small baskets resembling buttons or rowan berries. The leaves are alternate, pinnately dissected, and arranged so that their ribs are directed from north to south. Tansy received the name “Wild Rowan” for the similarity of its leaves and flowers with the leaves and berries of rowan. Essential oil is extracted from tansy. The roots of the plants give a green color. The plant is poisonous!

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First aid for poisoning by poisonous and aromatic plants If you suspect that plant poison has entered the human body, you must immediately, without waiting for signs of poisoning to appear, begin to provide first aid to the victim. Even if there was spontaneous vomiting, the victim is recommended to drink four to five glasses of warm water, for children - half a glass for each year of life, and induce vomiting. If a person is unconscious, vomiting cannot be induced. Then you need to take substances that prevent the absorption of the poison into the blood: several tablets of activated carbon or its substitutes - starch paste, two or three egg whites, stir in a glass of water, milk or crackers. Induce vomiting after 15-20 minutes. Instead of water, you can give a light pink one percent solution of potassium permanganate.

Presentation on the topic “Medicinal and poisonous plants” The presentation was prepared by a student of class 6 A of Municipal Educational Institution-Secondary School No. 33 Reznechenko Angelina

Sour sorrel The plant is edible! It grows in damp meadows, forest edges, clearings and is sometimes bred in vegetable gardens. The leaves are alternate, arrow-shaped or spear-shaped, juicy, sour. Sorrel is widely used as food. Readily eaten by animals.

Common oregano is found in light forests, on the edges, among bushes along river banks. The flowers are small, two-lipped. pink or purple, collected in dense corymbose inflorescences. The stem is erect, branched. The leaves are oblong. ovoid and pointed. A plant with a strong pleasant odor, medicinal. People put oregano dried in the shade in clothes, which protects it from moths.

Large and medium plantain grows near roads, dwellings, in wastelands and meadows. The leaves are wide, pressed to the ground, the veins of the leaves are springy. Therefore, the plantain is not afraid of trampling. The plant is a medicinal plant; the leaves are collected from May to September in sunny weather.

Fragrant chamomile grows along roads, in vegetable gardens, fields, orchards, and near homes. Flower baskets of yellowish-green flowers are medium-sized, without white marginal flowers. The whole plant smells strong. The leaves are pinnately divided. A tincture from this plant is used against agricultural pests. Medicinal plant.

Veh poisonous (Umbelliferae family) Veh poisonous. It grows along the banks of rivers, streams, and in low-lying swamps. All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially the rhizome. It has a rather pleasant smell, which is why it can be used as food unknowingly.

Hemlock spotted. Grows in wastelands and garbage dumps. It has a branched stem, bare, with a bluish coating, with dark red spots. The poison is contained in the stem of this plant, as well as in the seeds and leaves. At one time, the Greek philosopher Socrates was poisoned by the juice of this plant. Hemlock spotted. Grows in wastelands and garbage dumps. It has a branched stem, bare, with a bluish coating, with dark red spots. The poison is contained in the stem of this plant, as well as in the seeds and leaves. At one time, the Greek philosopher Socrates was poisoned by the juice of this plant.

Henbane (nightshade family). Grows in weedy places, meadows, roadsides. The whole plant is poisonous, especially the seeds. Henbane (nightshade family). Grows in weedy places, meadows, roadsides. The whole plant is poisonous, especially the seeds.

Bittersweet nightshade grows among bushes along ravines and river banks. Subshrub. Leaves and fruits are poisonous. Infusions and decoctions are used to combat harmful insects. For medicinal purposes in folk medicine it is used for skin diseases and colds. Used in homeopathy.

Deadly wolfberry Shrub, grows in mixed forests. The whole plant is poisonous: leaves, fruits, bark. 10 – 15 berries can be fatal. It blooms in early spring, the flowers have a subtle pleasant aroma, the plant is beautiful even during fruiting, but due to its toxicity it is rarely used for decorative purposes.

All types of buttercups are poisonous, which is reflected in the names of some species: caustic buttercup, l. poisonous, l. burning. All representatives of this family are poisonous. In addition to buttercups, in our meadows you can often find the European swimmer, among the bushes you can find the grasshopper or aconite, and along the banks of the rivers and streams you can find the marsh marigold.

River gravel grows in damp meadows and bushes. Used as a food and spice plant for tanning leather and dyeing wool. Infusions and decoctions of the roots of the rhizome can neutralize lethal doses of snake venom. Helps restore strength after a serious illness.

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